AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

What is Ammonium Chloride?
Ammonium chloride is the product from the reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia.
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH₄Cl and a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic.

What is the application of Ammonium Chloride?

Metalwork
Ammonium chloride is used as a flux in preparing metals to be tin coated, galvanized or soldered. It works as a flux by cleaning the surface of work pieces by reacting with the metal oxides at the surface to form a volatile metal chloride. For that purpose, it is sold in blocks at hardware stores for use in cleaning the tip of a soldering iron, and it can also be included in solder as flux.
Medicine
Ammonium chloride is used as an expectorant in cough medicine. Its expectorant action is caused by irritative action on the bronchial mucosa, which causes the production of excess respiratory tract fluid, which presumably is easier to cough up. Ammonium salts are an irritant to the gastric mucosa and may induce nausea and vomiting. Ammonium chloride is used as a systemic acidifying agent in treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis, in oral acid loading test to diagnose distal renal tubular acidosis, to maintain the urine at an acid pH in the treatment of some urinary-tract disorders.
Food & Feed
Ammonium chloride, under the name sal ammoniac or salmiak is used as food additive under the E number E510, working as a yeast nutrient in bread-making and as an acidifier. It is a feed supplement for cattle and an ingredient in nutritive media for yeasts and many microorganisms. Ammonium chloride is used to spice up dark sweets called salmiak (popular in Nordic and other nearby countries), in baking to give cookies a very crisp texture, and in the liquor Salmiakki Koskenkorva for flavouring. In Iran, Tajikistan, India, Pakistan and Arab countries it is called “Noshader” and is used to improve the crispness of snacks such as samosas and jalebi.
In the laboratory
Ammonium chloride is used to produce low temperatures in cooling baths. Ammonium chloride solutions with ammonia are used as buffer solutions including ACK (Ammonium-Chloride-Potassium) lysis buffer. In paleontology, ammonium chloride vapor is deposited on fossils, where the substance forms a brilliant white, easily removed and fairly harmless and inert layer of tiny crystals. That covers up any coloration the fossil may have, and if lighted at an angle highly enhances contrast in photographic documentation of three-dimensional specimens. The same technique is applied in archaeology to eliminate reflection on glass and similar specimens for photography.
Flotation
Giant squid and some other large squid species maintain neutral buoyancy in seawater through an ammonium chloride solution which is found throughout their bodies and is less dense than seawater. This differs from the method of flotation used by most fish, which involves a gas-filled swim bladder. The solution tastes somewhat like salmiakki and makes giant squid unattractive for general human consumption.
oil wells / battery & cell / shampoo
Ammonium chloride is used in a ~5% aqueous solution to work on oil wells with clay swelling problems. It is also used as electrolyte in zinc–carbon batteries. Other uses include in hair shampoo, in the glue that bonds plywood, and in cleaning products. In hair shampoo, it is used as a thickening agent in ammonium-based surfactant systems such as ammonium lauryl sulfate. Ammonium chloride is used in the textile and leather industry, in dyeing, tanning, textile printing and cotton clustering. Around the turn of the 20th Century, Ammonium Chloride was used in aqueous solution as the electrolyte in Leclanché cells. These cells found a commercial use as the “local battery” in subscribers’ telephone installations. In woodworking, a solution of ammonium chloride and water, when applied to unfinished wood, will burn when subjected to a heat gun resulting in a branding iron mark without use of a branding iron. The solution can be painted onto the wood or applied with a common rubber stamp.
Fertilizer ( What’s the advantages of ammonium chloride used as a good fertilizer ? )
Chlorine and nitrogen are the two most important plant-growth elements and both of them are found within ammonium chloride fertilizers. Retarded plant-growth can be accelerated by means of adding ammonium chloride ftertilizers. Aaa) additional health can be gained from ammonium chloride fertilizer Bbb) Crop-increase is possible with the fertilizer. Ammonium Chloride fertilizer is treated as one of the best medicines for both crops and plants. No other medicines are so effective like ammonium chloride fertilizers but they need to be used in limited quantity

AMMONIUM BICARBONATE

What is Ammonium Bicarbonate?
Ammonium bicarbonate is an inorganic chemical with the formula (NH₄)HCO₃, simplified to NH₅CO₃.
Ammonium Bicarbonate is a white crystalline solid having the odor of ammonia. Soluble in water. Ammonium Bicarbonate is used to make other ammonium compounds, baking powders, fire extinguishers, and to make dyes and pigments.

What is the application of Ammonium Bicarbonate?

Cookies & Biscuits
Ammonium Bicarbonate is an important ingredient for various cookies and biscuits. It is used as a leavening & stabilizing agent, and as an acidity regulator. Being a highly effective baking agent, ammonium bicarbonate does not leave any flavor-affecting residues. It always meets highest quality standards. Therefore, cookies and biscuits baked with Ammonium Bicarbonate taste exactly the way they should.
When Ammonium Bicarbonate is used, it decomposes over 40°C, releasing CO₂, H₂O and NH₃. Other chemical leavening agents are added in order to avoid any trace of ammonia in the products. For Ammonium Bicarbonate, an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) is not specified by the joint FAO / WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) because its use does not represent a risk to food security.
Other application
baking powders, fire extinguishers